為了解我國雞群中禽戊型肝炎病毒（avain hepatitis E virus，aHEV）的分子變異情況，對2018年從山東、河南、河北、遼寧、吉林、黑龍江、陜西、山西、江蘇等地疑似aHEV感染雞群中采集的679份肝臟、脾臟病料樣品進行RT-PCR檢測，從中選取PCR陽性產(chǎn)物，對其ORF1基因進行序列測定與遺傳進化分析。結(jié)果顯示：從病料中檢出陽性樣品37份，陽性檢出率為5.45%；選取的15個試驗毒株之間的ORF1基因同源性為90.1%~100%，與目前報道的4種基因型同源性均小于90%，其中與基因 1 型的澳大利亞株和韓國株同源性為85.5%~89.0%，與基因2型的美國原型株和美國無毒株同源性為85.5%~88.2%，與基因3型的歐洲株和中國株同源性為86.3%~89.7%，與基因 4 型的匈牙利株和中國臺灣株同源性為86.4%~88.5%。ORF1基因進化樹分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，所分離的aHEV均屬于戊型肝炎B種，不在目前所劃分的基因型分支上，形成獨立的基因分支，不屬于已報道的4個基因型。結(jié)果表明，目前在我國流行的aHEV是一種新基因型病毒，這為我國aHEV分子流行病學分析提供了補充和依據(jù)。
Molecular Epidemiological Analysis on Avian Hepatitis E Virus
in Some Regions of China
In order to investigate the variation status of avian hepatitis E virus（aHEV）in chicken in China，679 lesion samples of livers and spleens collected from the chicken suspected of being infected with aHEV in Shandong，Henan，Hebei，Liaoning，Jilin，Heilongjiang，Shaanxi，Shanxi，and Jiangsu provinces in 2018 were tested by RT-PCR，from which，positive samples were selected，and their ORF1 genes were sequenced and analyzed for genetic evolution. The results showed that 37 positive samples were detected out with the positive rate of 5.45%；the homology of ORF1 genes among 15 selected strains ranged from 90.1% to 100%，and the homology with the four genotypes previously reported was lower than 90%，specifically，that with genotype 1（Australian and the Korean strains）was from 85.5% to 89.0%，that with the genotype 2（American prototype and avirulent strains）was from 85.5% to 88.2%；that with the genotype 3（European and Chinese strains）was from 86.3% to 89.7%；and that with the genotype 4（Hungarian and China Taiwan strains）was from 86.4% to 88.5%. It was found that，by phylogenetic tree analysis of ORF1 genes，all the isolated aHEV strains belonged to genotype B of hepatitis E，which was not located in current genotype branch，but a new independent branch outside of the four reported genotypes. In conclusion，the aHEV strain prevalent in China was a new genotype virus，which provided a supplement and basis for molecular epidemiological analysis on aHEV.
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