微流控芯片是一項(xiàng)以芯片為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合化學(xué)、物理學(xué)、生物學(xué)等多學(xué)科形成的技術(shù)平臺，能夠在一個(gè)芯片上實(shí)現(xiàn)樣品制備、反應(yīng)、分離、檢測等流程，具有高通量、高效率和易操作的特點(diǎn)。隨著材料科學(xué)和納米技術(shù)的發(fā)展，該項(xiàng)技術(shù)得到迅速發(fā)展并應(yīng)用于化學(xué)分析、微生物檢測等，尤其是在微生物檢測和分析方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，并逐步產(chǎn)生了商品化的微流控芯片。微流控芯片因具有小型化、節(jié)約試劑、速度快、集成化程度高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，適用于處理突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件，但目前在動物疫病檢測中的應(yīng)用還很少見。本文對微流控芯片的技術(shù)原理、結(jié)構(gòu)及其在微生物檢測中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行綜述，以期為動物疫病的高通量檢測提供借鑒。
Application of Microfluidic Chip Technology in Microbial Detection
Microfluidic chip is a kind of technology platform based on a chip，which combines with several disciplines，such as chemistry，physics，biology and others，and could complete the processes of preparation，reaction，separation and detection of samples on a chip due to its characteristics of high throughput，high efficiency and easy operation. With the development of material science and nanotechnology，the technology has been rapidly developed and applied to chemical analysis，microbial detection and so on，in which，it has been playing an important role in microbial detection and analysis，and gradually leads to the commercial microfluidic chip that is advantaged with miniaturization，reagent saving，fast and high integration，and appropriate for dealing with public health emergencies，but is still seldom used for animal disease detection at present. In the paper，the technical principles and structure of microfluidic chip as well as its application in microbial detection were reviewed，with a view to providing some references for high-throughput detection of animal diseases.
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